PREVALENSI OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA DI KOTA BANDA ACEH

Abstract

Abstract: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is one of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 complications. There are several factors that influence the level of OSA incidences such as gender, age, smoking habit, neck circumference and body mass index (BMI). This research aims to determine the OSA prevalence of DM type 2 patients. Further, this study aims to know the factors that influence the prevalence of OSA among DM type 2 patients in Meuraxa General Hospital, Banda Aceh City. This research was an analytical descriptive with cross-sectional method. The study was conducted in April – June 2018 in internal disease polyclinic of Meuraxa hospital Banda Aceh City. The sample was chosen through Non-probability sampling by using quota sampling method. The sample of 46 males and 42 females. The findings showed that the prevalence of mild OSA was 23,9%, moderate OSA was 56,8% and severe OSA was 19,3%. The result of bivariate analysis indicated various factors that has relationship with OSA incidence which included gender (p-value=0,026), age (p-value=0,014), smoking habit (p-value=0,021), neck circumference (p-value=0,0001) and BMI (p-value=0,001). The result of multivariate analysis showed that the most significant factors were neck circumference (p-value = 0,013, OR = 14,7) and smoking habit (p-value = 0,047 OR = 4,5). In addition to that, the finding also revealed that the prevalence of OSA in DM type 2 patients was found to be greater in men, age  above 50 years old, smoking habit, the abnormality of neck circumference and normal BMI category. In order to get a more comprehensive picture towards OSA prevalence, further research needs to be done by using a polysomnographic tool. Obsructive sleep apnea screening and educating the patients of DM type 2 is crucial to done as it can minimize OSA incidence among the patients.