EKSPLORASI MUSUH ALAMI (PREDATOR DAN PARASITOID) HAMA TANAMAN PADI (ORYZA SATIVA, L.) DI KABUPATEN ACEH TIMUR

Cut Mulyani, Maria Heviyanti

Abstract


Aceh is one of the provinces which is targeted to be able to self-sufficiency in rice and become the national food granary. One of the main problems in rice cultivation is the presence of pest that either directly or indirectly can cause a significant decrease in production. One way to overcome this problem is by utilizing the biological control agents such as predators and parasitoids.  The aim of this research was to know the diversity (Biodiversity), the composition of natural enemies (predators and parasitoids), and the abundance of predator and parasitoid in rice ecosystem (Oryza sativa L.) in Birem Bayeun and Pereulak regencies. Exploration of predators and insect parasitoid of pest is done by two methods; first method was determined by purposive sampling and sweep net method. Types of predators and parasitoids observed in the paddy field were 13 family predators and parasitoids spread over 18 species. Population predators of the highest insect pests are found in Pereulak regencies was 1.78 predators and Telenomus cyrus is a type of insect Parasitoid with the highest population average of 2.67 parasite. The diversity (H ') value of predators in the generative phase of lowland rice cultivation was in the low category of H' = 1. Overall the highest abundance of pest insect predators in Birem Bayeun and Pereulak regencies are Coccinelidae family.

Full Text:

PDF

References


A. Rami, H. & Isaac, I. (2016). Advanced in Insect Control and Resistance Management. Springer. Switzerland.

Arifin, et. al. (1997). Diversitas Arthropoda pada Berbagai Teknik Budidaya Padi di Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian Puslitbangtan. 15:2. Hal.5-12.Pp: 31-35.

BPS Provinsi Aceh. (2013) Provinsi Aceh Dalam Angka. Biro Pusat Statistik, Provinsi Aceh.

BPS Aceh Utara. (2010). Aceh Utara Dalam Angka. Biro Pusat Statistik, Kabupaten Aceh Utara.

Chakraborty, K., Moitra, M.N., Sanyal A.K., and Rath P.C., (2015). Important Natural Enemies of Paddy Insect Pests in the Upper Gangetic Plains of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Plant, Animal, and Environmental Science, 6(1), Jan-Mar-2016 Coden: IJPAJX-CAS-USA.

Gerling, D., S. Alomar, and J. Arno. (2001). Biological Control of Bemisia tabaci Using Predators and Parasitoids. Crop Protection 20: 779-799.

Kartohardjono, A., Denan, K., & Tatng, S. (2009). Hama Padi Potensial dan Pengendalinnya. Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Indonesia.

Lehmann, H.D. (2007). Introduction to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of Plant Disease and Pest in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics. Georg August University of Gottingen, Germany.

Longe, O.O. (2015). Biological Control: A Veritable Natural Pest Management Strategy. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 1:2 ISSN: 2455-6939.

Nugroho, Idris, C. dan T. Widjanarko. (2012). Musuh Alami Serangga Hama Padi. Pustaka Litbang Departemen Pertanian.http://pustaka.litbang.deptan.go.id/agritek/sltr1108. pdf.

Ooi Peter, A.C. (2015). Common Insect Pests of Rice and Their Natural Biological Control an Illustrated Guide to the Insect Pests that Feed on Rice Plants and the Organisms that Feed on and Control those Pests. UTAR Agriculture Science 1: 49-59.

Pathak, M.D. and Khan, Z.R. (1994). Insect Pest of Rice. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology.

Pujiarti, et. al. (2011). Budidaya Padi. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta: Indonesia.

Samharinto, Latief Abadi, Bambang Tri Rahardjo, And Hakimah Halim. (2012). The Increase of Arthropods Biodiversity in Paddy Field Ecosystem Managed by Using Integrated Pest Management at South Borneo. The Journal of Tropical Life Science 2: 3, Pp. 72 – 76.

Santosa, JS, dan Sulistyo, J. (2007). Peranan Musuh Alami Hama Utama Padi Pada Ekosistem Sawah. Innofarm. 6:1.

Sembel, D. T. (2010). Pengendalian Hayati, Hama-hama Serangga Tropis dan Gulma. Universitas Samratulangi Manado. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.

Syam, et. al. (2011). Masalah Lapang, Hama, Penyakit, dan Hara pada Padi. Kerjasama Kementerian Pertanian dan International Rice Research Institute. Indonesia.

Untung, K. dan Wirjosuharjo, S. (2011). Serangga, Laba-laba, dan Patogen yang Membantu. International Rice Research Institute. Program Pengendalian Hama Terpadu. Jakarta, Indonesia.

Untung, K. (2010). Pengantar Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu. Diktat Mata Kuliah Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University.

Wratten, S.D. and Fry, G.L.A. (1980). Field and Laboratory Exercices in Ecology. Edward Arnold, London.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.